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A
Web-Accessible Resource of Information on
Protein Tyrosine
Phosphatases
This website aims to provide a peer-reviewed compendium
on Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases (PTPs) that integrates
sequence and structure information with cellular and biological
function. Together with our analyses published in
Mol & Cell Biol (2001),
FASEB Journal (2004) and Methods
(2005), it provides a resource for annotation and classification
of the classical, tyrosine-specific PTPs.
The classical, tyrosine-specific PTPs are encoded by 38
genes in humans. They belong to a larger family of cysteine-dependent
phosphatases that comprises 106 genes in humans and numerous
pseudogenes. The cysteine phosphatases utilize a conserved
'C[X]5R’ sequence motif to hydrolyze phosphoester
bonds in proteins and in non-protein substrates. Based on
structural homology and substrate specificity, they are
divided into seven categories: (i) tyrosine-specific phosphatases
(PTPs); (ii) dual-specificity phosphatases (DSPs); (iii)
Cdc25 phosphatases; (iv) myotubularin-related; and (iv)
low molecular weight phosphatases; (v) inositol 4-phosphatases;
and (vi) Sac1-domain phosphatases.
At this website, which is a collaborative project between
researches at Novo Nordisk and Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory,
the reader can explore the diversity of the PTP family and
download files such our non-redundant database of PTP accession
numbers, multiple sequence alignments, phylogenetic trees,
structure files, annotated molecular graphics files, chromosomal
mapping data including analysis of exon structure, pseudogenes
and information on possible links between PTPs and human
diseases.
The PTP database can be searched by keywords and by sequence
similarity using our BLAST server which also provides a
tool for phylogenetic classification of anonymously submitted
sequences based on PTP domain sequence homology and neighbor-joining
trees. Finally, we provide a section on online bioinformatics
resources that have been described in Handbook
of Cell Signalling and in our ‘Practical
guide to Bioinformatics and Data Resources’.
For any questions or suggestions, please contact
Jannik N. Andersen.
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