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Classification
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The vertebrate family of PTPs groups into
17 principal subtypes
Schematic representation of human PTP family members. The 17 subtypes are defined based on PTP domain sequence similarity (see phylogenetic analysis below).
Enzymes with closely related PTP domains also tend to be similar in their overall structural topology.
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Classification of the vertebrate family of PTPs into 9 Nontransmembrane (NT) and
8 Receptor-like subtypes (R)
Homology tree comprising 135 PTP catalytic domains. The clustering of sequences into divergent branches of this phylogram provides the basis for subdivision of the PTP family into 17 subtypes. As a statistical test of the significance of sequence similarity within each subtype, boostrap values are shown at the dendogram nodes.
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Classification of PTPs in human, fly and worm
This schematic representation of orthologous relationships
among PTP family members in human, fly and worm is based
on PTP domain amino acid sequence homology, reciprocal best
BLAST hits, and overall structural similarity of the full-length
proteins. Worm PTP sequences that lack orthologs in human
or fly have been omitted. (See Andersen
et al. Methods 2005 for details).
Note that PTPs having closely-related catalytic domains also tend to be similar
in their overall structural topology.
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Classification of human, fly and worm PTPs by phylogenetic analysis.
Unrooted neighbor-joining tree generated by ClustalX and visualized with
TreeView. The horizontal distance indicates degree of sequence divergence. The
17 principal PTP domain subtypes present in vertebrates are labeled NT1-NT9 (for
non-transmembrane) and R1-R8 (for receptor-like)
enzymes. Bootstrap values are indicated at the dendogram node (maximum value
1000) highlighting significant cluster of homologous sequences. Fly and worm
PTPs with no clear human orthologs are indicated (arrow).
An interactive classification system for assigning PTP domain subtypes are
available in our bioinformatics tool section.
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Phylogenetic analysis of membrane distal PTP Domains D2 from RPTPs
Homology tree comprising 195 vertebrate PTP domains including 60 PTP Domain D2 sequences.
Note, that the Domain D2 sequences define their own ‘supertype’.
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Evolutionary relationship among human PTP domains
Homology tree of human PTPs and annotation of each subtype. This phylogram
includes human PTP Domain D2 sequences.
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